I post con tag "Internet" archivio

In occasione del 50° anniversario di ARPANET, che il 29 ottobre 1969 gettò le basi di quella rete di computer divenuta in futuro internet, Popular Mechanics ha pubblicato una lista dei 50 siti web che hanno condizionato il modo in cui viviamo, lavoriamo e comunichiamo ancora oggi.
Il primo non poteva essere altri che il sito del CERN, da cui il web ebbe inizio.

Il 20 dicembre 1990 sembrava una giornata come tutte le altre, ma in quella data uno scienziato informatico nelle Alpi svizzere stava pubblicando il primo sito web in assoluto nei laboratori dell'Organizzazione Europea per la Ricerca Nucleare (meglio conosciuta come CERN).

Dal suo computer NeXT, Tim Berners-Lee pubblicò la prima pagina web, spiegando il concetto di ipertesto e descrivendo come impostare un server.

Ma Berners-Lee non condivise con il resto del mondo il suo sito fino a un anno dopo, quando lo descrisse ai suoi contatti sul newsgroup alt.hypertext. Ci sarebbero voluti un altro paio di anni e l'arrivo della prima "killer app", il browser Mosaic, perché il web prendesse definitivamente piede.

Uno studio dell'Università di Manchester, in collaborazione con Spectra Analytics, ha iniziato a scoprire pattern comuni per decifrare il successo di tendenze sul web. La scienza dei meme.

The researchers examined 26 different memes in total, dating back to 2011. They were looking for both the impact the meme had and its longevity.

The resulting model is known as "complex contagion" and describes the way behaviors spread as a result of online sharing. The team believes that their math and data-driven approach to the theory of complex contagion provides the first empirical evidence for its impact on society.

25 cose da sapere sul web nel 25° anniversario della sua apertura al mondo.

1 The importance of "permissionless innovation"
The thing that is most extraordinary about the internet is the way it enables permissionless innovation. This stems from two epoch-making design decisions made by its creators in the early 1970s: that there would be no central ownership or control; and that the network would not be optimised for any particular application: all it would do is take in data-packets from an application at one end, and do its best to deliver those packets to their destination.

It was entirely agnostic about the contents of those packets. If you had an idea for an application that could be realised using data-packets (and were smart enough to write the necessary software) then the network would do it for you with no questions asked. This had the effect of dramatically lowering the bar for innovation, and it resulted in an explosion of creativity.

What the designers of the internet created, in effect, was a global machine for springing surprises. The web was the first really big surprise and it came from an individual – Tim Berners-Lee – who, with a small group of helpers, wrote the necessary software and designed the protocols needed to implement the idea. And then he launched it on the world by putting it on the Cern internet server in 1991, without having to ask anybody's permission.

Paleofuture racconta la storia dei primi hacker adolescenti della storia ritrovandoli oggi a distanza di 30 anni.

The Inner Circle was a motley group of about 15 hackers, almost all teenagers, from Southern California, Detroit, New York, and roughly five other regions of the US. Bill, Chris, and other members of their collective had been accessing all kinds of networks, from GTE’s Telemail—which hosted email for companies like Coca-Cola, Raytheon, Citibank, and NASA—to the Arpanet, which was largely used by university researchers and military personnel until Milnet was completed in the mid-1980s. Chris was fond of boasting on message boards about hacking the Pentagon. The Inner Circle wasn’t the only teen hacking group of the early 1980s, but their interference with both government networks and the email accounts of large corporations put them on the FBI’s radar. Along with the 414s, a group busted around the same time, the raids made national headlines. The Inner Circle’s actions would inspire a complete overhaul in how computer crime was prosecuted, through the introduction of the country’s first anti-hacking laws in 1984.

Un live ticker per seguire in tempo reale e a colpo d'occhio profitti e fatturati dei giganti di internet.

Il primo prototipo di drone a energia solare con un'apertura alare paragonabile a quella di un Boeing 737, sviluppato da Internet.org per connettere a internet via laser aree in via di sviluppo sprovviste di infrastrutture di rete, è pronto a prendere il volo.

I social media danno diritto di parola a legioni di imbecilli che prima parlavano solo al bar dopo un bicchiere di vino, senza danneggiare la collettività. Venivano subito messi a tacere, mentre ora hanno lo stesso diritto di parola di un Premio Nobel. È l'invasione degli imbecilli.

L'indignazione portata al parossismo è parte del problema indicato da Umberto Eco durante la sua lectio magistralis e l'ennesima sterile polemica sull'elitismo degli intellettuali, nata dalla superficialità e dall'incapacità cronica della comprensione di un testo, non fa che corroborare la sua tesi.

Se avete mai frequentato per sbaglio forum di complottisti o avuto contatti con account di leghisti e anti-vaccini saprete di cosa sta parlando.

La tv aveva promosso lo scemo del villaggio rispetto al quale lo spettatore si sentiva superiore. Il dramma di internet è che ha promosso lo scemo del villaggio a portatore di verità.

Probabilmente nessuno naviga su internet come fa Richard Stallman, pioniere del software libero e del copyleft. Le sue priorità in materia di etica, privacy e sicurezza sono uniche. O quasi.

I am careful in how I use the Internet.

I generally do not connect to web sites from my own machine, aside from a few sites I have some special relationship with. I usually fetch web pages from other sites by sending mail to a program (see git://git.gnu.org/womb/hacks.git) that fetches them, much like wget, and then mails them back to me. Then I look at them using a web browser, unless it is easy to see the text in the HTML page directly. I usually try lynx first, then a graphical browser if the page needs it (using konqueror, which won't fetch from other sites in such a situation).

I occasionally also browse using IceCat via Tor. I think that is enough to prevent my browsing from being connected with me, since I don't identify myself to the sites I visit.

I never pay for anything on the Web. Anything on the net that requires payment, I don't do. (I made an exception for the fees for the stallman.org domain, since that is connected with me anyway.)

I would not mind paying for a copy of an e-book or music recording on the Internet if I could do so anonymously, and it were ethical in other ways (no DRM or EULA). But that option almost never exists. I keep looking for ways to make it happen.

Jeff Keacher è riuscito ad aggiornare un Macintosh Plus del 1986 per navigare sul web. Un'esperienza lenta ed emozionante.

Reviving an old computer is like restoring a classic car: There's a thrill from bringing the ancient into the modern world. So it was with my first "real" computer, my Mac Plus, when I decided to bring it forward three decades and introduce it to the modern Web.

It's a lowly machine, my Mac. The specs pale in comparison to even my Kindle: 8 MHz CPU, 4 MB RAM, 50 MB hard drive, and 512 x 384 pixel black-and-white screen. My current desktop PC is on the order of 200,000 times faster--not even including the GPU. Still, that Mac Plus was where I cut my computing teeth as a child. It introduced me to C, hard drives, modems, and the Internet.

Yes, in a certain sense, my Mac has already been on the Internet, first via BBSes and later via Lynx through a dial-up shell sessions. (There's nothing quite like erotic literature at 2400 bps when you're 13 years old.) What it never did was run a TCP/IP stack of its own. It was always just a dumb terminal on the 'net, never a full-fledged member.